Self-Ligating Bracket

ABSTRACT

A self-ligating bracket include a bracket body with an arch wire slot. A mesial recess is located at a mesial side of the bracket body and extends into the bracket body from the arch wire slot. A distal recess is located at a distal side of the bracket body and extends into the bracket body from the arch wire slot. A central ridge defines a ridge surface separated from the lateral ledges respectively by mesial and distal walls. A clip includes a first arm and a second arm connected by a U-shaped portion. The first arm terminates in a mesial arm, a distal arm, and a middle arm. The clip is moveable between an open position in which the arch wire slot is accessible and a closed position in which the arch wire slot is occluded.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/142,902, filed Sep. 26, 2018, which application was published on Jan. 24, 2019 as U.S. Publication No. US20190021818, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/938,515, filed Nov. 11, 2015, which application was published on May 19, 2016, as U.S. Publication No. US20160135929, which application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/081,387, filed on Nov. 18, 2014, the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure is related to the field of orthodontics. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to self-ligating brackets.

Orthodontic treatment often includes at least a combination of an arch wire and brackets and/or buccal tubes that are used to secure the arch wire to the teeth of the patient. The arch wire is made of a resilient material that, if bent or deformed, will return to its previous shape. Dental malocclusions are treated by securing the arch wire to the patient's teeth which are brought into a post-treatment alignment as the arch wire returns to its original shape.

Traditionally, brackets are secured to the tooth of a patient and the brackets have an arch wire slot within which the arch wire is received. Elastomeric ligatures secure the arch wire within the arch wire slot of the bracket. Self-ligating brackets eliminate the need for separate elastomeric ligatures by mechanically securing the arch wire to the bracket.

BRIEF DISCLOSURE

An exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket includes a bracket body with an arch wire slot defined therethrough in a mesial-distal dimension. The bracket body includes a mesial recess having a first lateral ledge located at a mesial side of the bracket body and extending into the bracket body from the arch wire slot. The bracket body includes a distal recess having a section lateral ledge located at a distal side of the bracket body and extending into the bracket body from the arch wire slot. The bracket body further includes a central ridge defining a ridge surface. The ridge surface is separated from the lateral ledges respectively by mesial and distal walls. A clip includes a first arm and a second arm. The first arm and the second arm are connected by a U-shaped portion. The first arm terminates in a mesial arm, a distal arm, and a middle arm between the mesial arm and the distal arm. The clip is moveable between and open position wherein the arch wire slot is accessible and a closed position wherein the arch wire slot is occluded by at least a portion of the mesial arm, the distal arm, and the middle arm. In the closed position, the mesial arm engages the first lateral edge in the mesial recess, the distal arm engages the second lateral ledge in the distal recess, and the middle arm engages the ridge surface.

A further exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket includes a bracket body with an arch wire slot defined therethrough in a mesial-distal dimension. The bracket body includes a distal gingival tie wing and a mesial gingival tie wing which extend gingivally of the bracket body and are respectively located at mesial and distal sides of the bracket body. a mesial recess having a first lateral ledge and a first ceiling is defined into the mesial gingival tie wing from the arch wire slot. A distal recess having a second lateral ledge and a second ceiling is defined into the distal gingival tie wing from the arch wire slot. A cut out between the gingival tie wings defines a central ridge with a ridge surface. The ridge surface is separated from the lateral ledges respectively by mesial and distal walls. A clip includes a labial arm and a lingual arm. The labial arm and the lingual arm at connected by a U-shaped portion. The labial arm terminates in a mesial arm, a distal arm, and a middle arm between the mesial arm and the distal arm. The clip is moveable between an open position wherein the arch wire slot is accessible and a closed position wherein the arch wire slot is occluded by at least a portion of the mesial arm, the distal arm, and the middle arm. The clip is adapted such that when in the closed position, the mesial arm engages the first lateral ledge in the mesial recess, the distal arm engages the second lateral ledge in the distal recess, and the middle arm engages the ridge surface.

An exemplary embodiment of an orthodontic treatment system includes a plurality of self-ligating brackets. Each self-ligating bracket of the plurality includes a bracket body with an arch wire slot defined therethrough in a mesial-distal dimension. A mesial recess having a first lateral ledge is located at a mesial side of the bracket body and extends into the bracket body from the arch wire slot. A distal recess having a second lateral ledge is located at a distal side of the bracket body and extends into the bracket body from the arch wire slot. A central ridge defines a ridge surface. The ridge surface is separated from the lateral ledges respectively by a mesial wall and a distal wall.

A clip includes an upper arm and a lower arm. The upper arm and the lower arm are connected by a U-shaped portion. The upper arm terminates in a mesial arm, a distal arm, and a middle arm between the mesial arm and the distal arm. The clip is movable between an open position and a closed position. The clip is adapted such that when in the closed position, the mesial arm engages the first lateral ledge in the mesial recess, the distal arm engages the second lateral ledge in the distal recess, and the middle arm engages the ridge surface. An arch wire is positioned within the arch wire slot of each of the plurality of self-ligating brackets. While the clips of the self-ligating brackets are in the open position, the arch wire slots are accessible for placement in removal of the arch wire. When the clips of the self-ligating brackets are in the closed position, the arch wire is retained within the arch wire slots of each of the self-ligating brackets.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 4 is a front sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIGS. 1-3.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an exemplary additional embodiment of a self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the exemplary additional embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the exemplary additional embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 9 is a front sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIGS. 7 and 8.

FIG. 10 is a front sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIGS. 7 and 8.

FIG. 11 is a front perspective view of an exemplary further embodiment of a self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 12 is a top view of the exemplary further embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 13 is a front perspective sectional view taken along line 13-13 of FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 is a rear perspective view of the exemplary further embodiment of the self-ligating bracket.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket of FIG. 1 in an open position.

DETAILED DISCLOSURE

Exemplary embodiments of self-ligating bracket assemblies are disclosed herein. FIGS. 1-7 depict a first exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket. FIGS. 8-12 depict a second exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket in the form of a convertible buccal tube. FIGS. 11-14 depict a third exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket in the form of a convertible double buccal tube. It is understood that the three embodiments depicted and described in further detail herein are merely exemplary embodiments and that the features and arrangements as disclosed herein may be arranged in alternative manners while remaining within and enabled by the present disclosure.

Orientational terms such as, but not limited to, mesial, distal, occlusal, gingival, labial, and lingual are used herein. It is recognized that these terms may be dependent upon an orientation of embodiments of the bracket in use within the mouth of a patient. Unless otherwise stated, the descriptions herein generally refer to use in a vestibular bracket placement technique. A person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that embodiments as disclosed herein may also be used in a lingual technique and brackets may be oriented in other manners from the description found herein while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a front perceptive view of an exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket 10. The self-ligating bracket 10 is configured exemplarily for use in connection with a premolar, canine, or incisor, although this is not intended to be limiting and the potential uses of such an embodiment. Furthermore, exemplary embodiments of the self-ligating bracket 10 may be used in either lingual or vestibular applications. The self-ligating bracket 10 generally includes a base 12 and a bracket body 14 secured to the base 12. In embodiments, the bracket body 14 may be welded to the base 12, while in other embodiments, the bracket body 14 and base 12 may be integral components. In embodiments, a surface treatment 16 may be secured to the underside of the base to be secured to the patient's tooth. The surface treatment 16 depicted in FIG. 1 includes a wire mesh although it will be recognized that in alterative embodiments other forms of surface treatment including etched and textured applications may by used additionally or instead of the wire mesh. In exemplary embodiments, the surface treatment 16 provides additional surface area to facilitate the bonding of the base 12 to the tooth of a patient.

The bracket body 14 of the self-ligating bracket 10 further includes at least one tie wing. In the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket 10 depicted in FIG. 1, the self-ligating bracket 10 includes four tie wings including gingival tie wings 18 and occlusal tie wings 19. The tie wings 18, 19 are generally oriented at the corners of the bracket body 14. Tie wings 18 generally provide the function of facilitating ligation of the arch wire. While in embodiments disclosed herein, the brackets are self-ligating meaning that separate ligatures are not necessary, in some uses an orthodontist may additionally use one or more tie wings in conjunction with elastomeric ligatures to provide additional ligation, tie offs, or cross tie offs in conjunction with the self-ligating bracket 10.

The bracket body 14 further includes an arch wire slot 20 which is exemplarily arranged to receive an orthodontic arch wire (not depicted) within the arch wire slot 20. An orthodontic assembly includes a plurality of brackets secured to the teeth of a patient and connected by an arch wire. The arch wire is exemplarily constructed of a memory metal (e.g. nickel-titanium) such that the arch wire seeks to return to an original shape, thereby imparting a corrective force upon the dentition of the patient. In other embodiments, the arch wire may be constructed of other materials including, but not limited to stainless steel. It is understood that in embodiments, the arch wire slot 20 may be angled and oriented through the bracket body 14 such as to create a self-ligating bracket 10 that will impart various corrective tilt, tip, and/or torque forces on individual teeth. The self-ligating bracket 10, in use with an arch wire may impact other rotative intrusion/extrusion, or labial/vestibular movement forces on a tooth or teeth of a patient. In a self-ligating bracket 10, a clip 22 is moveably secured to the bracket body 14 between a position wherein the arch wire slot 20 is open and able to receive an arch wire therein, and another position in which the arch wire slot 20 is occluded and movement of the arch wire is constrained. FIG. 1 exemplarily depicts the self-ligating bracket 10 in a position wherein the clip 22 occludes the arch wire slot 20. FIG. 15 exemplarily depicts the self-ligating bracket 10 in a configuration wherein the clip 22 is in an open position, permitting access to the arch wire slot 20.

In embodiments, the clip 22 is constructed of a resiliently deformable material, exemplarily a nickel titanium alloy, although it is recognized that this is merely exemplary and alternative embodiments may use clips constructed of other materials.

The clip 22 is generally U-shaped with an upper arm 24 and a lower arm 26. The upper arm, as described in further detail herein includes a transition portion 42 and lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38. The lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 are separated by cut outs 58. The lower arm 26 translates within a gap 28 that extends between the bracket body 14 and the base 12. The lower arm 26 includes a ridge 30 that extends from an end of the lower arm 26. The ridge 30 exemplarily engages a ridge stop 32 of the bracket body 14. Engagement of the ridge stop 32 and the ridge 30 defines a fully opened position of the self-ligating bracket. In such a position, the upper arm 24 of the clip 22 flexibly moves about a shoulder 34 of the bracket body 14. In the open position, the upper arm 24 is resiliently deformed, and in particular the position of lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 of the upper arm 24 relative to the lower arm 26, which alternatively engage the shoulder 34 when the clip 22 is in the open position and help to occlude the arch wire slot 20 when the clip 22 is in the closed position.

The clip 22 further includes a cut out 40 which promotes engagement of the tip of an orthodontic tool (not depicted), exemplarily by an orthodontist to move the clip 22 between the open and closed configuration. It is to be recognized that in alternative embodiments, the cut out 40 may instead be a detent or other specialized feature that promotes engagement with an orthodontic tool.

As will be described in further detail herein, the upper arm 24 of the clip 22 includes a transition portion 42 wherein the upper arm 24 widens in the mesial-distal direction from U-shaped portion 44 which connects the upper arm 24 and the lower arm 26 and gives the clip 22 its generally U-shaped configuration. The transition portion 42 widens in the mesial-distal direction to the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38, wherein the lateral arms 36 are generally spaced apart such as to extend between the entire widths of the bracket body 14 and arch wire slot 20 in the mesial-distal direction. Thus, in an embodiment, the mesial side of a mesial lateral arm is coextensive with the mesial side of the bracket body 14 and the mesial end of the arch wire slot 20. Similarly, the distal side of a distal lateral arm is coextensive with the distal side of the bracket body 14 and the distal end of the arch wire slot 20. In doing so, the lateral arms 36 secure the arch wire (not depicted) at the respective mesial and distal edges of the arch wire slot 20 which improves retention of the arch wire within the arch wire slot 20. When the clip 22 is in the closed position the transition portion 42 and portions of the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 occlude the arch wire slot 20.

In the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket 10, recesses 46 extend into the gingival tie wings 18 and in operation of the self-ligating bracket 10 respectively receive the lateral arms 36 when the clip 22 is in the closed configuration. Each recess 46 exemplarily extends between a lateral ledge 48 defined into the tie wing 18 and a ceiling 50 defined into the tie wing 18. In an exemplary embodiment, a mesial recess 46 is open both occlusally to the arch wire slot 20 and mesially through the body 14 of the bracket 10. Similarly, a distal recess 46 is open both occlusally to the arch wire slot 20 and distally through the body 14 of the bracket 10.

The lateral ledge 48 exemplarily defines the position of the lateral arm 36 when the clip 22 is in the closed configuration. In an embodiment, the lateral ledges 48 are positioned relative to the rest of the bracket body 14 and the clip 22 such that engagement of the lateral ledges 48 with the lateral arms 36 of the clip place the clip 22 in tension. Exemplarily, this may occur by the engagement of the lateral arms 36 with the lateral ledges 48 to prevent the clip 22 from fully returning to a relaxed or unbiased state. In other embodiments, the ledges 48 and the bracket body 14 and clip 22 are dimensioned such that when the clip 22 is in the closed position the clip 22 is in a relaxed or nearly relaxed state. The ceiling 50 exemplarily defines an upper bound of movement of the lateral arm 36 away from the arch wire slot 20 exemplarily to accommodate momentary shocks or forces applied on the clip 22 by arch wire (not depicted) during orthodontic treatment. This exemplary range of movement between the lateral ledge 48 and the ceiling 50 facilitates retention of the arch wire within the arch wire slot 20 while generally maintaining the arch wire in a desired position within the arch wire slot 20.

A cut out 52 is located between the tie wings 18. The cut out 52 is exemplarily defined in part by cut out walls 51 on the mesial and distal sides of the cut out 52 and a cut out floor 53. The cut out walls 51 extend through the gingival tie wings 18 from the arch wire slot 20. The cut out floor 53 extends below (e.g. lingually) the bottom of the arch wire slot 20. A central ridge 54 is located within the cut out 52 extending between the tie wings 18. The central ridge 54 defines a ridge surface 55 which is engaged by the middle arm 38 of the clip 22 when the clip 22 is in the closed position. The central ridge 54 may include ridge extensions 57 on the mesial and distal sides of the central ridge 54. The ridge extensions 57 extend between the central ridge 54 and the gingival tie wings 18 and exemplarily slope towards each other in the distal-mesial direction until the ridge surface 55 of the central ridge. The sloped ridge extensions 57 can help to direct the middle arm 38 into engagement with the ridge surface 55. As described above with respect to the lateral ledges, the central ridge 54 and ridge surface 55 may be dimensioned so that the middle arm 38 and clip 22 resiliently or positively engages the central ridge 54 when the clip 22 is in the closed position.

As best depicted in FIG. 4, an exemplary embodiment of the cut out 52, including the cut out floor 53 extends beyond portions of the arch wire slot 20, such that a distance across the arch wire slot 20 in a central region is greater both in a gingival-occlusal dimension and/or in a labial-lingual dimension than that defined at the ends of the arch wire slot 20. The mesial and distal ends of the arch wire slot 20 may further include chamfers 59. The chamfers 59 at the mesial and distal ends of the arch wire slot 20 and the cut out 52 in the central portion of the arch wire slot 20 provide for a degree flexion of the arch wire within the arch wire slot 20 while maintaining the arch wire secure within the bracket at the mesial and distal ends of the arch wire slot 20. In embodiments this may act as a shock absorber in additional to the defined degree of travel of the lateral arms 36 to retain the arch wire within the arch wire slot 20.

In embodiments, when the clip 22 is in the closed position, occluding the arch wire slot 20 with at least some of the transition portion 42, lateral arms 36, and middle arm 38, the mesial arm and distal arm, as the lateral arms, help to secure the arch wire within the arch wire slot 20 at the respective mesial and distal ends of the arch wire slot 20. The application of an active or passive retention force, as described in further detail herein, against the arch wire at the mesial and distal ends of the arch wire slot 20 promotes improved retention of the arch wire. In an embodiment, the middle arm 38, extending between the lateral arms 36, blocks the space between the lateral arms. The inventors have found that without the middle arm 38, as the clip 22 is moved from the open position to the closed position to occlude the arch wire slot and retain the arch wire, the arch wire may be one caught in the clip; particularly between the lateral arms. In such an event, the arch wire may pass within the arch wire slot lingually of one lateral arm and pass labially over the other lateral arm. The middle arm prevents this occurrence which eliminates a cause of bracket (e.g. clip) breakage.

Additionally, in embodiment, the cut out 52 further defines the gingival tie wings 18, making these structures more prominent without enlarging these structures over similar embodiments. The increased prominence of the gingival tie wings 18 make these structures easier to use and more effective as extra ligature points for the orthodontist. This is an improvement over the art as previous self-ligating brackets have results in limited functionally of gingival tie wings 18.

In an exemplary embodiment, it will be noted that ridge surface 55 of the central ridge 54 and the lateral ledges 48 are located at a same height above the bottom of the arch wire slot 20. This is exemplarily seen in FIG. 4. Additionally, in embodiments, the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 extend the same distance in a gingival-occlusal dimension. This is exemplarily depicted in FIG. 2. In one exemplary embodiment, the self-ligating bracket 10 achieves an advantage over other self-ligating brackets in the art in that covered or partially covered portions of the clip 22 (e.g. lateral arms 36) received within recesses 46, can obscure the view of the orthodontist and impair visual confirmation that the clip 22 had been moved fully into the closed position. If the clip 22 is not moved fully into the closed position, the clip 22 may be less effective in retaining the arch wire (not depicted) within the arch wire slot 20. By the similarity in length of the middle arm 38 to the lateral arms 36 as well as the similarities in position between the lateral ledges 48 and the central ridge 54, a position of the middle arm 38 provides an accurate indication of the relative positions of the lateral arms 36. Therefore, alignment of the middle arm 38 into a fully closed position relative to the central ridge 54 and cut out 52 provides the orthodontist with a visual confirmation that the clip 22 is in the fully closed configuration.

Additionally, when the clip 22 is in the closed position wall 56, and in some embodiments, the ridge extension 57, extend into respective cut outs 58 between the lateral arms 36 and the middle arm 38. This additionally promotes alignment of the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 into engagement with the respective lateral ledges 48 and ridge surface 55 of the central ridge 54, and also further restrains movement of the clip 22 in the mesial-distal direction. In the embodiment depicted, the clip 22 is restrained from movement in the mesial direction by at least engagement of the distal arm with the wall 598 of the distal recess and the middle arm 38 with the mesial ridge extension 57. The clip 22 may be restrained from movement in the distal direction by at least engagement of the mesial arm 36 with the wall 56 of the mesial recess 46 and the middle arm 38 with the distal ridge extension 57.

Embodiments of the self-ligating bracket 10 further include an alignment mark 60 which can exemplarily be a groove in the base 12, but may also be another form of visual indicator, including a two dimensional indicator or one that is denoted by color. The alignment mark 60 further provides a visual guide to an orthodontist when the orthodontist places the bracket 10 on the tooth of the patient.

As can best be seen in FIG. 5, in embodiments, the bracket body 14, further includes lips 62 which respectively engage the labial surface of the lower arm 26 at the mesial and distal edges of the lower arm 26. These lips 62 further promote alignment of the lower arm 26 and maintain the lower arm 26 in a predetermined position, particularly when the clip 22 is in the closed configuration. The lips 62 further retain the lower arm 26 in a position relative to the bracket body 14, between the bracket body 14 and the pad 12, which promotes consistency in the positive engagement force applied by the upper arm 24.

Embodiments of the self-ligating bracket 10 as disclosed herein may be arranged in active and/or passive arrangements. In an active self-ligating arrangement while the clip 22, and more specifically lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 as well as the ledges 48 and central ridge 54 are dimensioned to resiliently engage when the clip 22 is in the closed position, when an arch wire is positioned within the arch wire slot 20, at least one of the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 resiliently engage the arch wire instead. In embodiments, this may be due to the dimensions of at least one of the arch wire and the arch wire slot 20, ledges 48, and central ridge 54. For example, in an embodiment, the self-ligating bracket may actively engage the arch wire with any arch wire dimensions. If the dimension of the arch wire, particularly in a lingual-labial dimension, is greater than a distance between a floor of the arch wire slot 20 and the lateral ledges 48 and/or central ridge 54, the clip 22 will actively engage the arch wire. If the dimensions of the arch wire is less than a distance between the floor of the arch wire slot and the lateral ledges 48 and/or central ridge 54, engage the lateral ledges 48 and/or central ridge 54 in a passive ligation arrangement. In a still further embodiment, a plurality of arch wires are available to an orthodontist to select from to progress (e.g. circular or rectangular) and may have different cross-section dimensions (e.g. 0.018 or 0.022). In an embodiment, the arch wire slot 22, the lateral ledges 48 and the central ridge 54 may be arranged and/or dimensioned such that the clip 22 passively ligates a 0.018 arch wire while the clip actively ligates a 0.022 arch wire.

FIGS. 6-10 depict an additional exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket 64. The self-ligating bracket 64 is exemplarily configured as a single convertible buccal tube configured to be secured to a molar of the patient. In the embodiment depicted, the self-ligating bracket 64 includes a bracket body 68 secured to a bonding pad 66 which is configured to be secured to the tooth of the patient. However, it will be recognized that in alternative embodiments, a bonding pad 66 is not used and rather the bracket body 68 is secured to a molar band (not depicted). Flanges 69 on the bracket body 68 may facilitate securement to either a boding pad 66 or a molar band, for example by welding. It will be recognized that like reference numerals are used herein in order to identify generally similar structures between embodiments for the purpose of conciseness. It will also be recognized that various combinations of disclosed and/or depicted features between the embodiments may be used in additional embodiments while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure although such embodiments are not explicitly depicted in the Figures.

It will also be noted that the embodiment of the self-ligating bracket 64 further includes a hook 70. In use, orthodontists may use the hook 70 as an additional ligature point, exemplarily to connect two or more brackets together.

As best seen in FIG. 7, the exemplary embodiment of the self-ligating bracket 64 includes a cut out 72 between the tie wings 18 which does not extend all the way through the bracket body 68, but rather defines an end wall 74 and side walls 73 in the bracket body. These features exemplarily provide an additional visual cue as to the relative position between the middle arm 38 and the end wall 74 such that the orthodontists can visually confirm that the clip 22 is in the closed configuration. The cut out 72 further extends in the labial-lingual dimension until a ridge surface 75 of a central ridge 80 between the tie wings 18. In embodiments, the middle arm 36 engages the ridge surface 75 when the clip 22 is in the closed position. In an additional embodiment, an alignment mark 77 is located on a bracket body portion 79 between the tie wings 18 that remains from cut out 72. The alignment mark 77 is therefore located in the bracket body at a position labially of the middle arm 38, yet may be recessed relative to a labial surface of the gingival tie wings 18 and thus be located lingually of the labial surface of the gingival tie wings 18.

Additionally, as can be best seen in FIG. 8, the recesses 76 located in the tie wing 18 and configured to receive the lateral arms 36 are arranged such that the lateral ledge 78 extends at an angle in the buccal-lingual dimension, particularly as compared to the lateral ledge 48 as depicted in FIGS. 1-5. FIG. 8 further depicts an arch wire 71 in cross section and positioned within the arch wire slot 20. The arch wire 71 is exemplarily passively ligated as the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38 do not engage the arch wire 71 when the clip 22 is in the closed position and the arch wire 71 is not otherwise forced into contact within the clip. As seen in FIG. 9, the points at which the lateral ledges 78 begin from the arch wire slot 20, the lateral ledges 78 are at a higher position in the buccal-lingual dimension than the central ridge 80. However, as can be seen in FIG. 10 at the respective ends of the lateral arms 36 and middle arm 38, the lateral ledges 78 are at a same relative height as the central ridge 80. In an embodiment, a correspondence between an angle of the lateral edge 78 surface and the lateral arms 36 results in an increased engagement surface area therebetween which promotes retention of the lateral arms 36 in the recess 76.

FIGS. 11-14 depict a still further exemplary embodiment of a self-ligating bracket 82. The self-ligating bracket 82 is exemplarily a convertible double molar tube configuration in which a secondary tube 84 is secured to the bracket body 68. In the embodiment of the self-ligating bracket 82 depicted, a hook 70 further extends from the secondary tube 84. In the embodiment depicted, the secondary tube 84 effectively replaces the individual tie wings 18 comparatively depicted in FIGS. 1-5, yet may include tie wings 86 which extend from the buccal tube 84. As can be seen in FIGS. 11-14, the cut out 72 exemplary extends into the buccal tube 84, rather than explicitly between the tie wings as depicted in other embodiments. FIG. 13 exemplary depicts the relationship between the lateral ledges 78 and the central ridge 80 and thereby the lateral arm 36 and the middle arm 38 as previously described is further maintained in this exemplary additional embodiment.

This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims. 

1. A method of orthodontic ligation, the method comprising: providing a plurality of brackets, each of the brackets comprising: a bracket body with an arch wire slot defined there through, the arch wire slot extending from a first side of the bracket body to a second side of the bracket body, the bracket body comprising: a first recess with a first lateral ledge extending into the bracket body and defining a first back wall and a first side wall; and a second recess with a second lateral ledge extending into the bracket body and defining a second back wall and a second side wall; and a clip comprising a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm, wherein the second arm is spaced apart from the first arm and the third arm is located between and spaced apart from the first arm and the second arm, the clip movable between an open position wherein the arch wire slot is accessible and a closed position wherein the arch wire slot is occluded by the clip; moving the clips of the brackets to the respective open positions; inserting an arch wire into the arch wire slots of each of the brackets; and moving the clips of the brackets to the respective closed positions to occlude the arch wire slots of each of the brackets, wherein in the respective closed positions, the first arms are positioned within the first recesses, the second arms are positioned within the second recesses, and the third arms are positioned between the first side walls and the second side walls.
 2. A self-ligating bracket, comprising: a bracket body with an arch wire slot defined there through, the arch wire slot extending from a first side of the bracket body to a second side of the bracket body, the bracket body comprising: a first recess with a first lateral ledge extending into the bracket body and defining a first back wall and a first side wall; and a second recess with a second lateral ledge extending into the bracket body and defining a second back wall and a second side wall; and a clip comprising a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm, wherein the second arm is spaced apart from the first arm and the third arm is located between and spaced apart from the first arm and the second arm, the clip movable between an open position wherein the arch wire slot is accessible and a closed position wherein the arch wire slot is occluded by the clip, wherein in the closed position, the first arm is positioned within the first recess, the second arm is positioned within the second recess, and the third arm is positioned between the first side wall and the second side wall.
 3. The self-ligating bracket of claim 2, wherein the first side wall and the second side wall separate the first recess from the second recess.
 4. The self-ligating bracket of claim 3, wherein the first wall extends from the first back wall towards the arch wire slot and the second side wall extends from the second back wall towards the arch wire slot.
 5. The self-ligating bracket of claim 4, wherein the first lateral ledge extends into the bracket body from the first side and from the arch wire slot, and the second lateral ledge extends into the bracket body from the second side and from the arch wire slot.
 6. The self-ligating bracket of claim 4, wherein the first recess further comprises a first ceiling that further defines the first back wall and the first side wall, and the second recess further comprises a second ceiling that further defines the second back wall and the second side wall.
 7. The self-ligating bracket of claim 2, wherein the first arm, second arm, and third arm are co-planar.
 8. The self-ligating bracket of claim 2, wherein the arch wire slot divides the bracket body into a first tie wing region and a second tie wing region and the first and second recess are defined within the first tie wing region and in the closed position the clip extends across the arch wire slot from the second tie wing region to the first tie wing region.
 9. The self-ligating bracket of claim 8, wherein the clip further comprises a first clip arm that terminates in the first arm, the second arm, and the third arm, and the clip further comprises a second clip arm connected to the first clip arm by a U-shaped portion.
 10. The self-ligating bracket of claim 8, wherein the second arm movably engages the bracket body at the second tie wing region.
 11. The self-ligating bracket of claim 10, further comprising a gap at least partially defined within the second tie wing region, wherein the second arm movably engages the bracket body at the gap.
 12. The self-ligating bracket of claim 11, wherein the gap extends through the bracket body from the second tie wing region to the first tie wing region at a location between the arch wire slot and a bracket pad secured to bracket body; wherein the second arm slides within the gap between the open position and the closed position.
 13. The self-ligating bracket of claim 8, wherein the first side of the bracket body is a mesial side and the second side of the bracket body is a distal side and the first tie wing region is a gingival tie wing region and the second tie wing region is an occlusal tie wing region.
 14. The self-ligating bracket of claim 2, wherein the bracket body further comprises: a central ridge extending between the first side wall and the second side wall, wherein the central ridge comprises a ridge surface that is co-planar with the first lateral ledge and the second lateral ledge; and an end wall that extends in a direction parallel to the arch wire slot and defines the ridge surface of the central ridge between the arch wire slot and the end wall.
 15. An orthodontic treatment system comprising: a plurality of brackets, the plurality of brackets comprising self-ligating brackets each comprising: a bracket body with an arch wire slot defined there through, the arch wire slot extending from a first side of the bracket body to a second side of the bracket body, the bracket body comprising: a first recess with a first lateral ledge extending into the bracket body and defining a first back wall and a first side wall; and a second recess with a second lateral ledge extending into the bracket body and defining a second back wall and a second side wall; and a clip comprising a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm, wherein the second arm is spaced apart from the first arm and the third arm is located between and spaced apart from the first arm and the second arm, the clip movable between an open position wherein the arch wire slot is accessible and a closed position wherein the arch wire slot is occluded by the clip, wherein in the closed position, the first arm is positioned within the first recess, the second arm is positioned within the second recess, and the third arm is positioned between the first side wall and the second side wall; and an arch wire positioned within the arch wire slots of each of the self-ligating brackets, wherein when the clips of the self-ligating brackets are in the open position, the arch wire slots are accessible for placement and removal of the arch wire, and when the clips of the self-ligating brackets are in the closed position, the arch wire is retained within the arch wire slots of each of the self-ligating brackets.
 16. The orthodontic treatment system of claim 15, wherein the first side wall and the second side wall separate the first recess from the second recess and the first side wall extends from the first back wall towards the arch wire slot and the second side wall extends from the second back wall towards the arch wire slot.
 17. The orthodontic treatment system of claim 16, further comprising: wherein the first lateral ledge extends into the bracket body from the first side and from the arch wire slot, and the second lateral ledge extends into the bracket body from the second side and from the arch wire slot; and wherein the first recess further comprises a first ceiling that further defines the first back wall and the first side wall, and the second recess further comprises a second ceiling that further defines the second back wall and the second side wall.
 18. The orthodontic treatment system of claim 15, wherein the arch wire is selected from a plurality of arch wires comprising a first arch wire having a first cross-sectional area and a second arch wire having a second cross-sectional area, the first cross-sectional area being smaller than the second cross-sectional area; and wherein the orthodontic treatment system is configured for treatment progression by interchange of the second arch wire having the second cross-sectional area for the first arch wire having the first cross-sectional area.
 19. The orthodontic treatment system of claim 15, wherein the clip further comprises a first clip arm that terminates in the first arm, the second arm, and the third arm, and the clip further comprises a second clip arm connected to the first clip arm by a U-shaped portion
 20. The orthodontic treatment system of claim 19, further comprising: wherein the arch wire slot divides the bracket body into a first tie wing region and a second tie wing region and the first and second recess are defined within the first tie wing region; wherein the bracket body comprises a gap that extends through the bracket body from the second tie wing region to the first tie wing region at a location between the arch wire slot and a bracket pad secured to bracket body; and wherein the second arm slides within the gap between the open position and the closed position 